Reverence, Not Fear: Rediscovering the True Heart of God in Scripture

The image above captures what I believe is the essence of our relationship with our Creator - a posture of awe, wonder, and deep respect rather than cowering terror. As I've delved deeper into my studies of biblical languages, I've been profoundly moved by a discovery that has transformed my understanding of God's character and how we're meant to relate to Him.

The Heart of the Matter: "Fear" vs "Reverence"

For years, I found myself troubled by Scripture's seemingly contradictory messages. On one hand, we read that "God is love" (1 John 4:8) and that He is our compassionate Father. Yet the King James Bible repeatedly instructs us to "fear God", creating what seemed like an irreconcilable tension.

This apparent contradiction led me to investigate the original Hebrew and Greek texts, and what I discovered was eye-opening. The Hebrew word most commonly translated as "fear" in relation to God is "יִרְאָה" (yirah) and its verb form "יָרֵא" (yare). These words don't primarily convey terror or dread at all - they express reverence, awe, and profound respect.

The Biblical Evidence: A Closer Look at the Hebrew

Let's examine some key passages where this mistranslation significantly alters our understanding of God's character:

Psalm 111:10 (KJV)

"The fear of the LORD is the beginning of wisdom."

The Hebrew word here is "יִרְאָה" (yirah), which carries the primary meaning of reverence and awe. The verse actually teaches that wisdom begins with reverence for God, not being afraid of Him.

Deuteronomy 10:12 (KJV)

"And now, Israel, what doth the LORD thy God require of thee, but to fear the LORD thy God, to walk in all his ways, and to love him..."

Again, the Hebrew "יָרֵא" (yare) is used here. Consider the cognitive dissonance this creates when translated as "fear" - how can we simultaneously fear and love someone? This contradiction disappears when we understand yare in this context means "to revere" or "to hold in high esteem."

Proverbs 9:10 (KJV)

"The fear of the LORD is the beginning of wisdom: and the knowledge of the holy is understanding."

Once more, "יִרְאָה" (yirah) is the Hebrew word. This concept is foundational throughout Proverbs, but when correctly understood as reverence rather than terror, it paints a completely different picture of our relationship with God.

Different Hebrew Words for Different Types of Fear

What's particularly revealing is that Biblical Hebrew has multiple words for different types of fear, and the Bible is very precise in how it uses them:

1. "יָרֵא" (yare) and "יִרְאָה" (yirah) - primarily convey reverence, awe, and respect

2. "פַּחַד" (pachad) - refers to dread, terror, or being afraid of someone who might harm you

3. "חָרַד" (charad) - to tremble or be terrified

4. "עָרַץ" (arats) - to tremble with fear, to be horrified

When Scripture speaks of our relationship with God, it overwhelmingly uses yare/yirah, not the terms that denote terror or dread. This distinction is crucial and deliberate.

Consider Isaiah 8:13 in the original Hebrew: "The LORD of hosts, Him you shall hallow [set apart as holy]; Let Him be your fear [מוֹרָא, mora - from the same root as yare], And let Him be your dread [מַעֲרִיץ, ma'arits - causing terror]."

This passage actually distinguishes between the reverence we should have for God (mora) and the dread we might feel toward earthly threats. The KJV's translation of both concepts as "fear" obscures this critical distinction.

The New Testament Perspective: Greek Insights

The New Testament further confirms this understanding. The Greek word most commonly used when discussing our relationship with God is "φόβος" (Phobos), which, like its Hebrew counterpart, has a range of meanings, from reverence and awe to terror.

A crucial passage that illuminates this distinction is 1 John 4:18:

"There is no fear in love; but perfect love casteth out fear: because fear hath torment. He that feareth is not made perfect in love."

Here, the same Greek word "phobos" is used, but clearly in the sense of dread or terror (the kind that has "torment"), not reverence. This verse teaches us that God's perfect love eliminates the need to fear Him! This makes perfect sense when we understand that the "fear of the Lord" mentioned elsewhere refers to reverence, not terror.

Other revealing passages include:

Hebrews 12:28 (KJV)

"Let us have grace, whereby we may serve God acceptably with reverence and godly fear."

The Greek word translated as "godly fear" here is "εὐλάβεια" (eulabeia), which means reverence or caution, not terror. The passage encourages reverent worship, not frightened submission.

Romans 8:15 (KJV)

"For ye have not received the spirit of bondage again to fear; but ye have received the Spirit of adoption, whereby we cry, Abba, Father."

This powerful verse explicitly contrasts the spirit of fear (δουλείας, douleias - slavery) with our new relationship as adopted children who can call God "Abba" (an intimate, familial term akin to "Daddy"). This verse actively opposes the idea that we should be afraid of God!

Patristic Evidence: The Early Church Fathers' Understanding

The early Church Fathers, many of whom were fluent in Greek and closer to the cultural context of the New Testament, clearly understood this distinction between reverence and terror.

Clement of Alexandria (150-215 AD) wrote in his "Stromata": "The fear of the Lord is not irrational dread, but a reverence which knows no terror... For it is not fear in the common sense that Scripture exhorts us to acquire, but a reverence such as children show to good parents."

In his commentary on Psalm 111, St. Augustine explained, "There is a fear which love casts out, and a different fear which endures forever." He understood that the "fear of the Lord" mentioned as "the beginning of wisdom" was not terror but reverence.

John Chrysostom (347-407 AD) taught: "When you hear the term 'fear of God,' understand by it not that we should dread God, but that we should not do anything displeasing to Him."

Gregory of Nyssa distinguished between "servile fear" and "perfect fear," explaining that the latter is "identical with love" and involves reverence for God's greatness.

The Historical Context of the King James Version

Why did the King James translators so consistently choose "fear" over "reverence"? The historical context provides some insight. The KJV was commissioned by King James I of England in 1604, during a time when the divine right of kings was a dominant political philosophy. A translation emphasizing submission and fear rather than reverence and respect would naturally reinforce hierarchical social structures of the time.

Furthermore, the English word "fear" in the 17th century had a broader semantic range than it does today, sometimes encompassing respect and reverence. However, as our language evolved, the primary meaning narrowed to focus on dread and terror, making the translation increasingly problematic for modern readers.

Modern Scholarship and Translations

Contemporary biblical scholars widely acknowledge this distinction:

Dr. Tremper Longman III, professor of Biblical Studies at Westmont College, writes: "The fear of the Lord is not being afraid of God. Having a proper reverence and respect for God leads to obedience to his word."

Dr. Michael S. Heiser, a scholar of biblical languages, explains, "Yirah is not about being afraid that God will hurt you... It's about respecting who God is."

Modern translations often recognize this nuance better, though inconsistently:

• NIV translates Psalm 111:10 as: "The fear of the LORD is the beginning of wisdom," but includes footnotes about reverence

• NASB often uses "reverence" in place of "fear."

• The NLT sometimes uses "reverence" but inconsistently reverts to "fear."

For example, Psalm 33:8 in the NLT reads: "Let the whole world reverence the LORD," acknowledging the true meaning of yare in this context.

The Implications: How This Changes Our Relationship with God

Understanding this distinction transforms our entire approach to God:

1. From Distance to Intimacy. When we believe we should fear God in the sense of being afraid, we position ourselves as subjects cowering before a tyrant. When we understand He desires reverence, we can approach Him as children who deeply respect their Father while also enjoying His loving presence.

2. From Servile Obedience to Loving Response. Obedience motivated by terror is fundamentally different from obedience flowing from reverence and love. The first is the response of a slave; the second is the response of a beloved child.

3. From Cognitive Dissonance to Coherent Faith. The mistranslation creates a troubling contradiction: How can we genuinely love someone we're terrified of? Understanding yirah as reverence resolves this tension and presents a coherent picture of God's character throughout Scripture.

4. From Punitive Justice to Restorative Relationship. A God who demands terror seems punitive; a God who invites reverence is focused on restoration and relationship. This aligns with the overall biblical narrative of redemption.

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What Scripture Actually Teaches About Our Relationship with God

When we correct this mistranslation, a beautiful pattern emerges in Scripture:

• We are called to approach God with reverence because of His holiness (Hebrews 12:28-29)

• Yet we can come boldly to His throne of grace (Hebrews 4:16)

• We are adopted as His children (Romans 8:15, Galatians 4:6)

• We call Him "Abba, Father" - an intimate term of endearment (Romans 8:15)

• His perfect love casts out fear (1 John 4:18)

• We are friends of God, not just servants (John 15:15)

Jesus consistently portrayed God as a loving Father - think of the prodigal son's father running to embrace his returning child, or the shepherd leaving ninety-nine sheep to find one lost lamb. These are not the actions of a deity who wants us to be afraid of Him!

Practical Applications for Our Spiritual Lives

Understanding that God calls us to reverence rather than fear transforms our spiritual practices:

1. Prayer: We approach God with confidence rather than trepidation, knowing we are beloved children speaking to our Father.

2. Bible Study: We read Scripture looking for God's heart of love rather than scanning for reasons to be afraid.

3. Worship: Our worship becomes a joyful expression of reverence rather than an attempt to appease an angry deity.

4. Evangelism: We share the good news of a God who inspires awe and reverence, not a God who wants people to cower before Him.

5. Decision-Making: We make choices based on reverence for God's wisdom and love, not out of fear of punishment.

   
   

Addressing the "King James Only" Perspective

Some have suggested that the King James Bible is more accurate than the original Hebrew and Greek texts. This position is problematic for several reasons:

1. Logical Impossibility: A translation cannot be more accurate than its source material. The KJV translators worked with the Hebrew and Greek manuscripts available to them, but they were not creating new, divinely inspired content.

2. Historical Context: The KJV translators were scholars but not infallible. They worked within their historical and cultural context, which influenced their translation choices.

3. Linguistic Development: Our understanding of ancient Hebrew and Greek has advanced significantly since 1611, thanks to archaeological discoveries and comparative linguistic studies.

4. Manuscript Discoveries: Many biblical manuscripts discovered since 1611 (like the Dead Sea Scrolls) have enhanced our understanding of the original texts.

   
   

Our reverence for Scripture should lead us to seek the most accurate understanding of the original texts, not to elevate any particular translation above them.

Conclusion: Reverence as the Foundation of Wisdom

The mistranslation of yirah/yare as "fear" rather than "reverence" has subtly but profoundly shaped how many Christians relate to God. Recovering the true meaning helps us understand that wisdom begins not with being afraid of God but recognizing His greatness, holiness, and worthiness of our highest respect and awe.

A healthy reverence for God acknowledges His transcendence while embracing His immanence. It respects His Holiness while celebrating His grace. It recognizes His power while trusting His love.

As I've studied this topic, I've found my own relationship with God transformed. I no longer approach Him with anxiety about whether I've done enough to avoid His anger. Instead, I come to Him with deep reverence for who He is and the confidence that He loves me as His child.

In Proverbs 9:10, when we read that "the fear of the LORD is the beginning of wisdom," we're actually being told that reverence for God is where wisdom starts. This makes perfect sense - wisdom begins when we properly recognize and respect the Source of all wisdom.

May we all grow in this biblical reverence for God, not cowering in terror, but standing in awe of His majesty while confidently receiving His love.